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Operating theaters are always mysterious and scary places for the visitors. But this is not true when it comes to the staff, like surgeons, assistants, nurses’ technicians and others. There is always a pre-organized schedule in which things are followed by a strict program. Thanks to this program, everybody knows which surgery will be performed at what time, what kind of anesthesia will be applied to the patient, whether the patient will be transferred to ICU or to the floors after the operation and even which music will be played in which surgery. To be able to sustain this schedule, it is necessary to complete some tasks 24 hours prior to the operation. For example, for the patient should be checked by the anesthesiologist, all tests should be completed, doctors from other branches should be consulted, if necessary, patient and the family should be informed about the operation and its risks and patient should be informed not to eat minimum 6-8 hours before surgery.
However, sometimes there might be unexpected cases as well. Hospital might have to accept a patient who needs an urgent operation. In this case, the staff tries to organize an available operating theatre, an available surgeon for the operation and extra doctors from other branches if necessary.
The entrance of an operating room must have a controlled single door. The number of operating rooms should be adjusted according to the number of beds in surgical clinics (one room for every 25-30 beds). There should be three different areas (sterile area, clean area, unclean area) in the operating room. The sterile area consists of operating rooms and rooms where sterile instruments are prepared. The clean area consists of corridors leading to the operating rooms, rooms where preoperative and postoperative patient follow-up is performed, rest rooms and sterile warehouses. Unclean areas consist of patient waiting rooms, recovery rooms and rest rooms. It is necessary to make a complete separation of these areas from each other. The transition of personnel between these areas must also be controlled. The rooms where sterile materials are stored must be clean and these materials must be stored in closed cabinets. Sterile materials and used materials should not be in the same environment. Closed trolleys should be used to transport sterile materials to the operating room.
Although the medical devices used in the operating rooms vary according to the surgeries performed in that hospital, some medical devices are essential for the operating rooms. These are respectively operating table, operating ceiling lamp, surgical suction unit, anesthesia device, patient monitor, defibrillator, electrocautery and infusion pump. Stainless steel hospital equipment and surgical instruments in the operating rooms are also part of the main equipment that completes the operating rooms and is of great importance.
